Mahatma Gandhi Statue. "[17], The British establishment too was not disturbed by these plans of resistance against the salt tax. In a public meeting at Tuticorin, he said: Suppose, a people rise in revolt. März 1930. The declaration included the readiness to withhold taxes, and the statement: We believe that it is the inalienable right of the Indian people, as of any other people, to have freedom and to enjoy the fruits of their toil and have the necessities of life, so that they may have full opportunities of growth. "[73] Though women did become involved in the march, it was clear that Gandhi saw women as still playing a secondary role within the movement, but created the beginning of a push for women to be more involved in the future. [52] Near the end of the march, Gandhi declared, "I want world sympathy in this battle of right against might."[53]. 8 Jahre seines Lebens hinter Gittern. [10] It gained worldwide attention which gave impetus to the Indian independence movement and started the nationwide Civil Disobedience movement which continued until 1934. Around midnight of 4 May, as Gandhi was sleeping on a cot in a mango grove, the District Magistrate of Surat drove up with two Indian officers and thirty heavily armed constables. Dieser Salzmarsch machte Indiens gewaltfreien Unabhängigkeitskampf weltberühmt. It remains to be seen whether the Government will tolerate as they have tolerated the march, the actual breach of the salt laws by countless people from tomorrow. Dort sammelte er Salz am Meer, und verstieß so gegen das britische Monopol auf Salz in Indien. 27 31 8. On 12 March 1930, Gandhi and 78 satyagrahis, among whom were men belonging to almost every region, caste, creed, and religion of India,[44] set out on foot for the coastal village of Dandi, Gujarat, 385 km from their starting point at Sabarmati Ashram. At midnight on 31 December 1929, the Indian National Congress raised the tricolour flag of India on the banks of the Ravi at Lahore. 1948 Jul;83(7):348. They commenced savagely kicking the seated men in the abdomen and testicles. Er zog mit seinen Anhängern von seinem Ashram fast 400 km zum Arabischen Meer. [8] The satyagraha teachings of Gandhi and the March to Dandi had a significant influence on American activists Martin Luther King Jr., James Bevel, and others during the Civil Rights Movement for civil rights for African Americans and other minority groups in the 1960s. Der Salzmarsch war die spektakulärste Kampagne, die Gandhi während seines Kampfes um Unabhängigkeit initiierte. '"[72] The growing number of women in the fight for sovereignty and self-rule was a "new and serious feature" according to Lord Irwin. Mehrere hundert Menschen folgten ihm beim so genannten "Salzmarsch"“, um gegen die hohe Salzsteuer zu protestieren. 1930 rief Gandhi zu einer erneuten Kampagne des zivilen Ungehorsams auf. [90][91], Series of commemorative stamps were issued in 1980 and 2005, on the 50th and 75th anniversaries of the Dandi March.[92]. [71], "Sarojini Naidu was among the most visible leaders (male or female) of pre-independent India. The event was known as the "International Walk for Justice and Freedom". More importantly, due to extensive press coverage, it scored a propaganda victory out of all proportion to its size. Gandhi chose the 1882 British Salt Act as the first target of satyagraha. An item of daily use could resonate more with all classes of citizens than an abstract demand for greater political rights. Mohandas 'Mahatma' Gandhi Gandhi in 1931 during a visit to London©. [31] Gandhi chose 6 April to launch the mass breaking of the salt laws for a symbolic reason—it was the first day of "National Week", begun in 1919 when Gandhi conceived of the national hartal (strike) against the Rowlatt Act. Mohandas Gandhi was a leader of India ’s independence movement. A pinch of salt made by Gandhi himself sold for 1,600 rupees (equivalent to $750 at the time). [31] The Salt March was also called the White Flowing River because all the people were joining the procession wearing white khadi. Gandhi startete mit 78 Begleitern. For that reason, he recruited the marchers not from Congress Party members, but from the residents of his own ashram, who were trained in Gandhi's strict standards of discipline. Februar 2021 um 12:50 Uhr bearbeitet. Mahatma Gandhi . [12], The Congress Working Committee gave Gandhi the responsibility for organising the first act of civil disobedience, with Congress itself ready to take charge after Gandhi's expected arrest. Mahatma Gandhi. 23 24 1. Familjen befann sig precis under brahmanerna (prästerna) och kshatriyerna (ädlingar och krigare). After making illegal salt there, he too was arrested by the British. After their arrests, the march continued under the leadership of Sarojini Naidu, a woman poet and freedom fighter, who warned the satyagrahis, "You must not use any violence under any circumstances. Gandhi sent scouts to each village ahead of the march so he could plan his talks at each resting place, based on the needs of the local residents. Mahatma Gandhi Quotes: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, Bapu and Gandhiji were one of the most prominent leaders of the Indian Independence movement.Born 2 October 1869 in a Hindu Merchant caste family in Gujarat. Soldaten des Friedens. Diese Aktion sollte den zivilen Ungehorsam beflügeln und ein Zeichen … Es war ein einfallsreicher Protest gegen das Salzmonopol der britischen Kolonialmacht. Great patches of blood widened on their white clothes. Kapanganakan: 2 Oktubre 1869. [citation needed], Initially, Gandhi's choice of the salt tax was met with incredulity by the Working Committee of the Congress,[15] Jawaharlal Nehru and Dibyalochan Sahoo were ambivalent; Sardar Patel suggested a land revenue boycott instead. He implored his thousands of followers to likewise begin making salt along the seashore, "wherever it is convenient" and to instruct villagers in making illegal, but necessary, salt. März 1930 hatte sich Mahatma Gandhi mit einer Schar von Mitstreitern aus seinem Ashram auf den rund 200 Meilen langen Weg zum Meer gemacht. I have also called it Love-force or Soul-force." [62] The British responded with more laws, including censorship of correspondence and declaring the Congress and its associate organisations illegal. Der Salzmarsch oder die Salz-Satyagraha von 1930 war eine Kampagne Mahatma Gandhis, die das Salzmonopol der Briten brechen sollt .. "Nehru, who had been skeptical about salt as the primary focus of the campaign, realized how wrong he was ...", "Gandhi's ideas about satyagraha and swaraj, moreover, galvanised the thinking of Congress cadres, most of whom by 1930 were committed to pursuing sovereignty and self-rule by nonviolent means. Der Salzmarsch war die spektakulärste Kampagne, die Gandhi während seines Kampfes um Unabhängigkeit initiierte. [21][22] Referring to the relationship between satyagraha and Purna Swaraj, Gandhi saw "an inviolable connection between the means and the end as there is between the seed and the tree". Each night they slept in the open. Mengutip dari Encylcopaedia Britannica, Mahatma Gandhi lahir di Porbandar, India pada 8 Oktober 1869 dan meninggal pada 30 Januari 1948.. Mahatma Gandhi dikenal sebagai sosok yang sangat … The 24-day march lasted from 12 March 1930 to 5 April 1930 as a direct action campaign of tax resistance and nonviolent protest against the British salt monopoly. Am 12. [19] The salt tax represented 8.2% of the British Raj tax revenue, and hurt the poorest Indians the most significantly. The 1882 Salt Act gave the British a monopoly on the collection and manufacture of salt, limiting its handling to government salt depots and levying a salt tax. [13], After the protest gathered steam, the leaders realised the power of salt as a symbol. "Just a grain of salt? Jahrhunderts Seit wann werden Helden ihren Anforderungen eigentlich gerecht? Gandhi picked up grains of salt at the end of his march. Der Salzmarsch war die spektakulärste Kampagne, die Gandhi während seines Kampfes um Unabhängigkeit initiierte. [27] Gandhi later claimed that success at Bardoli confirmed his belief in satyagraha and Swaraj: "It is only gradually that we shall come to know the importance of the victory gained at Bardoli ... Bardoli has shown the way and cleared it. Mein Bild des 20. Alltid bra priser, fri frakt från 229 kr och snabb leverans. Sie marschierten gemeinsam über 200 … April 2011. [20] Salt was sold illegally all over the coast of India. Dagegen wollte Gandhi protestieren. [13] Gandhi's plan was to begin civil disobedience with a satyagraha aimed at the British salt tax. Als Mahatma Gandhi gekleidete Männer beteiligen sich eine Nachstellung der Salz März in Durban 17. These men hailed from almost all parts of the country. Am 5. Mahatma means “great soul.” "[33] Correspondents from dozens of Indian, European, and American newspapers, along with film companies, responded to the drama and began covering the event. History Of Colonialism in India Prior to the colonial era in India, the country was a highly prosperous nation, divided into several kingdoms, ruled by … His group started from Tiruchirappalli, in Madras Presidency (now part of Tamil Nadu), to the coastal village of Vedaranyam. 13 18 2. Am 5. When Gandhi broke the British Raj salt laws at 6:30 am on 6 April 1930, it sparked large scale acts of civil disobedience against the salt laws by millions of Indians. [49] The New York Times wrote almost daily about the Salt March, including two front-page articles on 6 and 7 April. Gandhi hebt am Ende des Salzmarsches Salz vom Strand auf, 5. Der indische Pazifist Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi gilt als einer der größten Freiheitskämpfer der Geschichte. Januar 1930 folgte, inspirierte Millionen von Indern, sich seiner Kampagne des zivilen Ungehorsams anzuschließen. Gandhi started this mar… Author B C Roy 1 Affiliation 1 Prime Minister, W. Bengal. Mahatma Gandhi “Lär som om du skulle leva för evigt. [3], After making the salt by evaporation at Dandi, Gandhi continued southward along the coast, making salt and addressing meetings on the way. Vinay Lal October 01, 2019 17:50 IST Updated: October 01, 2019 22:01 IST Vinay Lal October 01, 2019 17:50 IST 2 Einführung Indien, ein Land großer Gegensätze Indien ist etwas neunmal so groß wie Deutschland und zeichnet sich durch eine ungeheure landschaftliche Vielfalt aus. Schools and colleges should become empty. Am 5. Mahatma Gandhi föddes den 2 oktober år 1869 i Porbandar i Gujara, Indien, och mördades den 30 januari 1948 i New Dehli, Indien. Zum Abschluss des 24-tägigen sog. All you need to know", "Photos: Remembering the 80 unsung heroes of Mahatma Gandhi's Dandi March", "Brouchure issued by Ministry of Culture, GOI on NSSM", "Mahatma is the Message: Gandhi's Life as Consummate Communicator", Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, Conscientious objection to military taxation, List of historical acts of tax resistance, National War Tax Resistance Coordinating Committee, The Cold War and the Income Tax: A Protest, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salt_March&oldid=1016156955, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020, All Wikipedia articles needing words, phrases or quotes attributed, Wikipedia articles needing words, phrases or quotes attributed from March 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Darjeeling (Gorkhaland territorial Administration), Decourcy, Elisa. The British ordered troops of 2/18 battalion of Royal Garhwal Rifles to open fire with machine guns on the unarmed crowd, killing an estimated 200–250. It was the first time the two held talks on equal terms,[82] and resulted in the Gandhi–Irwin Pact. Mahatma Gandhi menjadi tokoh terkemuka dalam perjuangan India melawan Inggris. At the finale in Dandi, the prime minister of India, Dr Manmohan Singh, greeted the marchers and promised to build an appropriate monument at Dandi to commemorate the marchers and the historical event. [45][46] The first day's march of 21 km ended in the village of Aslali, where Gandhi spoke to a crowd of about 4,000. Rupees Bank Note India. More than thirty years later, Satyagraha and the March to Dandi exercised a strong influence on American civil rights activist Martin Luther King Jr., and his fight for civil rights for blacks in the 1960s: Like most people, I had heard of Gandhi, but I had never studied him seriously. The police then began dragging the sitting men by the arms or feet, sometimes for a hundred yards, and throwing them into ditches. Mit dieser Aktion protestierte Gandhi im Jahr 1930 gegen ein Gesetz, das den Indern verbot, Salz zu gewinnen. The Salt March to Dandi, and the beating by British police of hundreds of nonviolent protesters in Dharasana, which received worldwide news coverage, demonstrated the effective use of civil disobedience as a technique for fighting social and political injustice. The British government in India has not only deprived the Indian people of their freedom but has based itself on the exploitation of the masses, and has ruined India economically, politically, culturally and spiritually. are not identical with the original print version of the 1960's-1990's. Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Die Engländer hatten beschlossen, dass die Inder für jede Prise Salz, die sie verbrauchten, extra Steuern, also Geld, bezahlen sollten. The Congress Party planned to stage a satyagraha at the Dharasana Salt Works, 25 mi (40 km) south of Dandi. Mahatma Gandhi führte den berühmten Salzmarsch nach Dandi an Durch das britische Salzgesetz von 1882 wurde bestimmt, dass Inder Salz weder sammeln noch verkaufen durften und eine hohe Abgabe von Steuern verlangt. März 1930, startete Gandhi den Marsch, um sich gegen die "Salzsteuer" der Engländer zu wehren. [67] On 23 April 1930, Ghaffar Khan was arrested. | Adlibris John Court Curry, a British police officer stationed in India, wrote in his memoirs that he felt nausea every time he dealt with Congress demonstrations in 1930.